Extreme weather, from floods to wildfires, is increasingly hammering ports, highways, and factories. It’s expected to get worse.

People’s heavy reliance on fossil fuels and the cutting down of carbon-storing forests have transformed global climate.

The physical scars of our warming planet — including rising sea waters, melting glaciers and charred forests — are everywhere. But climate change is also inflicting a growing mental toll.

The region is nearing a threshold beyond which its forests may be replaced by grasslands, with huge repercussions for biodiversity and climate change.